pwrs.core.opf_vref_hess#

pwrs.core.opf_vref_hess.opf_vref_hess(x, lam, mpc, refs, mpopt, nargout=1)[source]#

Return Hessian of reference angle constraints.

Forms the Hessian of the Lagrangian contribution from the cartesian reference-angle equality constraints.

Parameters:

  • x (sequence of array_like) – Cartesian voltage state blocks (Vr, Vi).

  • lam (array_like) – Multipliers for the reference-angle constraints.

  • mpc (dict) – Internal MATPOWER case struct.

  • refs (array_like) – One-based indices of reference buses.

  • mpopt (dict) – MATPOWER options struct.

  • nargout (int, optional) – MATLAB compatibility flag controlling how many outputs are returned.

Returns:

Hessian block for the reference-angle constraint contribution to the OPF Lagrangian.

Return type:

scipy.sparse.csc_matrix